The basic structure of a centrifugal pump consists of six parts: impeller, pump body, pump shaft, bearing, sealing ring, and stuffing box.
1. The impeller is the core part of the centrifugal pump. It has a high speed and a large output. The blades on the impeller play a major role. The impeller must pass a static balance experiment before assembly. The inner and outer surfaces of the impeller are required to be smooth to reduce the friction loss of the water flow. According to its mechanical structure, it can be divided into three types: closed, semi-closed and open. Closed impellers are suitable for conveying clean liquids; semi-closed and open impellers are suitable for conveying suspensions containing solid particles. This type of pump has low efficiency.
2. The pump body is also called the pump casing, which is the main body of the water pump. Play a supporting and fixing role, and connect with the bracket for mounting the bearing.
3. The function of the pump shaft is to connect the motor with the coupling, and transmit the torque of the motor to the impeller, so it is the main component that transmits mechanical energy.
4. The sliding bearing uses transparent oil as lubricant, add oil to the oil level line. Too much oil will seep along the pump shaft, and too little bearing will overheat and burn out and cause accidents! During the operation of the water pump, the temperature of the bearing is up to 85 degrees, and it generally runs at about 60 degrees.
5. The sealing ring is also called the leakage reducing ring.
6. The stuffing box is mainly composed of packing, water seal ring, packing tube, packing gland and water seal pipe. The function of the stuffing box is mainly to close the gap between the pump casing and the pump shaft, so that the water in the pump does not flow to the outside and the outside air does not enter the pump. Always maintain the vacuum in the pump! When the pump shaft and the packing friction generate heat, the water seal pipes the water to the water seal ring to cool the packing! Maintain the normal operation of the pump. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the inspection of the stuffing box during the touring inspection of the pump operation! The packing should be replaced after 600 hours of operation.